Precursors for Aerosols and Ozone

Precursor species lead to the production of aerosols and ozone. Precursors include nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulphur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO) and formaldehyde (HCHO). Aerosols and ozone in the near-surface atmosphere can directly harm human health and produce detrimental environmental impacts (e.g., crop damage, acid rain). Reductions in near-surface aerosols and ozone have been observed in specific regions where the emissions of some precursors are regulated.

ECV Products and Requirements

These products and requirements reflect the Implementation Plan 2022 (GCOS-244).

The requirements are found in the complete 2022 ECVs Requirements document as well: ECV Precursors for Aerosols and Ozone.

Products  CO Tropospheric ColumnCO Mole fraction  NO2 Mole Fraction
 (*)UnitValuesValues UnitValues
Horizontal ResolutionGkm1010 km20
B3030 100
T100100 500
Vertical ResolutionGm-1 km1
B-3 3
T-5 5
Temporal ResolutionGd1/241/24 d1/4
B11 1
T3030 30
TimelinessGd11 d1
B77 7
T3030 30
Required Measurement Uncertainty (2-sigma)Gppb11 ppb20
B55 40
T1010 60
StabilityGppb/decade<1<1 ppb/decade4
B11 8
T23 12
Products  HCHO Tropospheric ColumnSO2 Tropospheric ColumnSO2 Stratospheric ColumnNO2 Tropospheric Column
 (*)UnitValuesValuesValuesValues
Horizontal ResolutionGkm10101010
B30303030
T100100100100
Vertical ResolutionG ----
B----
T----
Temporal ResolutionGd1/241/241/241/24
B1111
T30303030
TimelinessGd1111
B7777
T30303030
Required Measurement Uncertainty (2-sigma)Gmolecules cm-2max (20%, 8E15)max (30%,6E15)max(30%,6E15)max(20%, 1E15)
Bmax (40%,16E15)max(60%, 12E15)max(60%, 12E15)max(40%, 2E15)
Tmax (100%,40E15)max(100%, 20E15)max(100%, 20E15)max(100%, 5E15)
StabilityGmolecules cm-2 / decademax (4%, 8E15)max(6%,1.2E15)max(10%,3E15)max(4%, 1E15)
Bmax (8%,8E15)max(12%, 2.4E15)max(20%,4E15)max(8%, 1E15)
Tmax (20%,8E15)max(20%, 4E15)max(30%, 7E15)max(20%, 1E15)

(*) Goal (G): an ideal requirement above which further improvements are not necessary. Breakthrough (B): an intermediate level between threshold and goal which, if achieved, would result in a significant improvement for the targeted application. The breakthrough value may also indicate the level at which specified uses within climate monitoring become possible. It may be appropriate to have different breakthrough values for different uses. Threshold (T): the minimum requirement to be met to ensure that data are useful

Data sources

This list provides sources for openly accessible data sets with worldwide coverage for which metadata is available. It is curated by the respective GCOS ECV Steward(s). The list does not claim to be complete. Anyone with a suitable dataset who wishes it to be added to this list should contact the abombelliatwmo [dot] int (GCOS Secretariat).

In Situ and Ground-Based Remote Sensing:


Reanalysis:

  • REANALYSES.ORG (Inventory for Reanalysis)
  • Copernicus Atmospheric Monitoring Service (CAMS), MACC Reanalysis of global atmospheric composition, European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF)
  • Monitoring Atmospheric Composition & Climate (MACC), European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF)


Satellite:

  • Satellite ECV Inventory by the CEOS/CGMS Working Group on Climate (WGClimate)
  • NASA Measurements Of Pollution In The Troposphere (MOPITT)
Precursors
Домен:
Atmosphere
Subdomain:
Atmospheric Composition
Scientific Area:
Carbon cycle and other GHGs
ECV Steward:
Products:
CO Tropospheric Column, CO Mole fraction, NO2 Mole Fraction, HCHO Tropospheric Column, SO2 Tropospheric Column, SO2 Stratospheric Column, NO2 Tropospheric Column