Anthropogenic Greenhouse Gas Emissions

	Global anthropogenic emissions of Greenhouse gases (CO₂, CH₄, N₂O and F-gases) continue to be emitted at an annual rate that is not yet significantly decreasing. The global warming potential of each of the greenhouse gases and their long residence time in the atmosphere are causing increased surface temperature and climate change. The scientific community illustrated with inverse models and data assimilation how consistent the reported inventories and the atmospheric observations are, which is taken up also in few national inventory reports (e.g. UK, Switzerland, Australia).
	Domain:	Terrestrial
	Subdomain:	Human Use of Natural Resources
	Scientific Area:	Biosphere
	ECV Steward:	Greet Maenhout
	Products:	Anthropogenic CO2 Emissions from Fossil Fuel Use, Industry, Agriculture, Waste and Products Use; Anthropogenic CH4 Emissions from Fossil Fuel, Waste, Agriculture, Industrial Processes and Fuel Use; Anthropogenic N2O Emissions from Fossil Fuel Use, Industry, Agriculture, Waste and Products Use, Indirect from N-Related Emissions/Depositions; Anthropogenic F-Gas Emissions from Industrial Processes and Product Use; Total Estimated Fluxes by Coupled Data Assimilation/ Models with Observed Atmospheric Composition – National; Total Estimated Fluxes by Coupled Data Assimilation/ Models with Observed Atmospheric Composition – Continental; Anthropogenic CO2 Emissions/Removals by Land Categories; High-Resolution Footprint Around Point Sources

Global CO₂ Emissions

Figure: Gridded total CO2 emissions of EDGARv4.3.2 from anthropogenic sources excluding the land use, land-use change and forestry sectors for 2012 of Janssens-Maenhout et al. (2019).

ECV Products and Requirements

These products and requirements reflect the Implementation Plan 2022 (GCOS-244).

The requirements are found in the complete 2022 ECVs Requirements document as well: ECV Anthropogenic Greenhouse Gas Emissions.

Products			Anthropogenic CO2 Emissions from Fossil Fuel Use, Industry, Agriculture, Waste and Products Use	Anthropogenic CH4 Emissions from Fossil Fuel, Waste, Agriculture, Industrial Processes and Fuel Use	Anthropogenic N2O Emissions from Fossil Fuel Use, Industry, Agriculture, Waste and Products Use, Indirect from N-Related Emissions/Depositions	Anthropogenic F-Gas Emissions from Industrial Processes and Product Use		Total Estimated Fluxes by Coupled Data Assimilation/ Models with Observed Atmospheric Composition – National	Total Estimated Fluxes by Coupled Data Assimilation/ Models with Observed Atmospheric Composition – Continental
	(*)	Unit	Values	Values	Values	Values	Unit	Values	Values
Horizontal Resolution	G	Country-level	By country and sector	By country and sector	By country and sector	By country and sector	km	10	1000
	B
	T		By country and sector	By country and sector	By country and sector	By country and sector		100	10000
Vertical Resolution	G		-	-	-	-		-	-
	B		-	-	-	-		-	-
	T		-	-	-	-		-	-
Temporal Resolution	G	y	1	1	1	1	y	1	1
	B
	T		1	1	1	1		1	1
Timeliness	G	y	Within 1.25 years	within 1.25 years	within 1.25 years	within 1.25 years	y	within 1.25 years	within 1.25 years
	B
	T		Within 1.25 years	within 1.25 years	within 1.25 years	within 1.25 years		within 1.25 years	within 1.25 years
Required Measurement Uncertainty (2-sigma)	G	%	Globally: 5% Nationally: 10%	20%	40%	10%		10%	10%
	B
	T		Globally: 10% Nationally: 30%	40%	80%	50%		30%	25%
Stability	G
	B
	T

Products			Anthropogenic CO2 Emissions/Removals by Land Categories		High-Resolution Footprint Around Point Sources
	(*)	Unit	Values	Unit	Values
Horizontal Resolution	G	Country-level	By country/region	km	1
	B
	T		By country/region		2
Vertical Resolution	G		-		-
	B		-		-
	T		-		-
Temporal Resolution	G	y	1	h	4
	B
	T		1		144 (6 days)
Timeliness	G	y	within 1.25 years	weeks	1
	B
	T		within 1.25 years		4
Required Measurement Uncertainty (2-sigma)	G	% or Gg	15% or 300Gg, whichever is largest	ppm	1
	B
	T		20% or 400Gg – whichever is largest		5
Stability	G
	B
	T

(*) Goal (G): an ideal requirement above which further improvements are not necessary. Breakthrough (B): an intermediate level between threshold and goal which, if achieved, would result in a significant improvement for the targeted application. The breakthrough value may also indicate the level at which specified uses within climate monitoring become possible. It may be appropriate to have different breakthrough values for different uses. Threshold (T): the minimum requirement to be met to ensure that data are useful.

Data Sources

This list provides sources for openly accessible data sets with worldwide coverage for which metadata is available. It is curated by the respective GCOS ECV Steward(s). The list does not claim to be complete. Anyone with a suitable dataset who wishes it to be added to this list should contact the GCOS Secretariat.